Question 1

At what frequency is “impedance”&#44 which is the representative feature of chip beads&#44 prescribed?

Accepted Answer

A. Impedance at 100MHz is generally prescribed.
Impedance at 1GHz is prescribed for the Gigaspira bead, which is also effective at high-frequency bands.
Furthermore, frequency ranges with noise suppression effects can be changed by selecting chip beads with different ferrite materials, even if impedance levels at 100MHz are equal.

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Question 2

Where can I see the impeadance value for the frequency at which I would like to use the chip beads?

Accepted Answer

A. You can see the impedance value in the characteristics graph displayed on the bottom of the detailed product data page.

Question 3

Please describe the prescribed conditions of rated currents.

Accepted Answer

A. They are prescribed in accordance with temperature rise values during direct-current energizing.
For purposes of reference, the prescribed rated current is roughly 10°C with the MMZ series and roughly 40°C with the MPZ series.

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Question 4

Would it be safe to use a chip bead in which a current exceeding the rated current flows momentarily?

Accepted Answer

A. The size of the current changed depending on the time that current is applied.
If you inform TDK of usage conditions (current value and time) at your company, we can respond regarding approximate standards for use.
Please send inquiries to your nearby sales office or distributor, or send inquiries from this website.
Your company is responsible for final confirmation using conditions at your company.

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Question 5

What is an R-X cross point?

Accepted Answer

A. Chip beads consist of the reactance component X and the resistance component R. The X component reflects noise in its dominant areas and the R component absorbs noise in its dominant areas. This results in the conversion of noise into heat.
The frequency where the R component and X component are equal is known as the R-X cross point. The frequency band from the R-X cross point to the impedance peak is the most effective in reducing noise.

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Question 6

What is derating?

Accepted Answer

A. Derating is lowering the standards of the rated current of chip beads when the ambient temperature is high.
Since chip beads for power lines generate great heat when the rated currents flow, the rated currents at high temperatures are derated.
The catalog lists information on derating for chip beads used with power lines.

Example of derating listed in catalog

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Question 7

What is the difference between common mode and differential mode?

Accepted Answer

A. The common mode refers to signals or noise that flow in the same direction in a pair of lines.
The differential (normal) mode refers to signals or noise that flow in opposite directions in a pair of lines.

As an example for convenience, consider a configuration where two copper wires are wound around a ring-shaped ferrite core. In this structure, two patterns may exist: one where the currents in the wires flow in the same direction, and another where they flow in opposite directions. These two patterns are “common mode” and “differential mode”.

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Question 8

What is differential insertion loss?

Accepted Answer

A. This refers to insertion loss of signals transmitted in the differential mode.

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Question 9

What is common mode attenuation?

Accepted Answer

A. This refers to the value that attenuates common mode signals that are mostly noise components.

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Question 10

What is Scd21?

Accepted Answer

A. This expresses the amount of differential signals converted into common mode signals when passing through a common mode filter / choke.

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Question 11

Which voltage location is being referred to for the rated voltage of a common mode filter (common mode choke)?

Accepted Answer

A. The rated voltage of a common mode filter (common mode choke) refers to the voltage between the product and the line (between lines (1) and (2) as shown in the diagram).

You can confirm the rated voltage for each product on the product details page.
The product details page can be viewed from the refined results page (product list) from pages such as “Product Number Search,” “Characteristics Search,” and “Catalog Page.”

Example of product list
Click the product number to display the product details page.

Product details page: ACM2012-102-2P-T001

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Question 12

Can common impedance be considered impedance that affects only AC (resonant signals)?

Accepted Answer

A. Common mode impedance depends on the frequency; therefore, it works against AC.
Since DC has a frequency of 0Hz, it is affected by the DC resistance of the product.

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Question 13

At which frequency is the "impedance&#44" which is the representative characteristic of common mode filters / chokes&#44 defined?

Accepted Answer

A. The impedance of common mode filters (common mode chokes) is mainly defined at 100MHz.
You can confirm the impedance for each product in catalogs or on the product details page.
On the product details page, you can view even more detailed in the form of an impedance curve.

Example of product list

Click the product number to display the product details page.

Impedance curve on the product details page: ACM2012E-102-2P-T00
You can change settings for the impedance curve and enlarge arbitrary points.

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Question 14

What is the defining condition for the rated current of common mode filters / chokes?

Accepted Answer

A. The rated current of common mode filters (common mode chokes) is defined by the temperature rise of the product (ΔT) that occurs when current is applied to all lines. However, ΔT differs depending on the product.
You can confirm the rated current for each product in the catalog, in the product list, or on the product details page.
The product details page can be viewed from the refined results page (product list) from pages such as “Product Number Search,” “Characteristics Search,” and “Catalog Page.”

Example of product list

Click the product number to display the product details page.

Product details page:ACT1210-101-2P-TL00

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Question 15

Is it okay to use a common mode filter / choke if a current larger than its rated current is applied momentarily?

Accepted Answer

A. Although it depends on the size of the current and the period in which the current is applied, our products are not covered by the warranty when they are used under a current larger than their rated current.

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Question 16

What is the difference between common mode impedance&#44 differential mode impedance and characteristic impedance?

Accepted Answer

A. Common mode impedance: refers to a characteristic in response to common mode signals (noise).
Differential mode impedance: refers to a characteristic in response to leakage inductance.
Characteristic impedance: refers to the line impedance when two lines of a common mode filter / choke are considered as a differential transmission line. It has no correlation with the common mode impedance.
It is determined by the balance between the leakage impedance and the line capacity.

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Question 17

Where is the characteristic impedance described?

Accepted Answer

A. You can confirm the characteristic impedance for common mode filters (common mode chokes) in the catalog, in the product list, or on the product details page.
The product details page can be viewed from the refined results page (product list) from pages such as “Product Number Search,” “Characteristics Search,” and “Catalog Page.”

Example of product list

Click the product number to display the product details page.

Product details page: ACM2012E-102-2P-T00

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Question 18

What is the cutoff frequency?

Accepted Answer

A. This refers to the frequency at which the signal is attenuated by -3dB in a differential signal.

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Question 19

Where can I check the frequency characteristics of the common mode impedance?

Accepted Answer

A. You can confirm frequency characteristics of common mode impedance for common mode filters (common mode chokes) on the product details page.
The product details page can be viewed from the refined results page (product list) from pages such as “Product Number Search,” “Characteristics Search,” and “Catalog Page.”

Example of product list

Click the product number to display the product details page.

Product details page: ACT1210-101-2P-TL00

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Question 20

Where can I check the insertion loss?

Accepted Answer

A. You can confirm insertion loss of common mode impedance for common mode filters (common mode chokes) on the product details page.
The product details page can be viewed from the refined results page (product list) from pages such as “Product Number Search,” “Characteristics Search,” and “Catalog Page.”

Example of product list

Click the product number to display the product details page.

Product details page: ACT1210-101-2P-TL00

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Search by Part No.

Common Mode Filters / Chokes Search by Part No.

Search by Characteristics

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Question 21

Is it possible to use a product with a rated voltage of 250V with only 100V?

Accepted Answer

A. It is not a problem as long as used with the rated voltage or lower.

Question 22

Up to what voltage is applicable for a product with AC.250V rated voltage?

Accepted Answer

A. Rated voltage is simply the maximum applicable voltage. The absolutely maximum applicable voltage taking into consideration voltage fluctuation is 275V.

Question 23

Up to what value of current is applicable in relation to the rated input current?

Accepted Answer

A. Rated current is only the maximum applicable current as stationary current (refer to other items for inrush current).

Question 24

What is the criterion for selecting the rated current?

Accepted Answer

A. Select the rated current where stationary current is to be approximately 80% of the rated voltage (80% derating ratio).

Question 25

Are products with a larger input current better?

Accepted Answer

A. Selecting products with too much derating (margin) can result in a lowering of performance.

Question 26

Is it possible to use the products with AC.400Hz?

Accepted Answer

A. The filters for general use are designed for use in the commercial power supply (50/60Hz). Use in AC.400Hz is not guaranteed.

Question 27

What is the difference in attenuation characteristics between common mode and differential mode?

Accepted Answer

A. Conduction noises are classified into common mode noise and differential mode noise by the conduction mode. Attenuation characteristics for common mode are for the noises in common mode, and attenuation characteristics for differential mode are for the noises in differential mode.

Question 28

Please explain how to read the attenuation-frequency characteristics graph.

Accepted Answer

A. The vertical axis represents the attenuation (dB), the horizontal axis represents the frequency band (MHz), and the noise elimination effects increase as the solid lines and dotted lines get lower.

Question 29

What is the difference between general high-frequency noise filters and pulse noise filters?

Accepted Answer

A. General high-frequency noise filters are designed for countermeasures against noise components that appear as a harmonic component of switching noises produced by switching power supplies and inverters. The noise energy is not high. However, high-energy noises can occur depending on the device. When noise energy is too high, the core of a noise filter can be saturated and the attenuation characteristics of the noise filter can be greatly lowered. Pulse noise filters, to overcome this problem, use a material with a high saturation magnetic flux density (approximately three times that of general products when the shapes are assumed to be the same)

Question 30

Do the products meet the EN/IEC61000-4-5 lightning surge test?

Accepted Answer

A. It depends on the required level. However, the lightning surge test is basically not considered in the design of the products. Use the products within the rating. If there is a possibility that voltage beyond the rating may be applied, use of surge absorbers such as varistors and arresters should be considered.

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